Melittin (MELT), Apis mellifera, recombinant

Organism: Apis mellifera (Honeybee). Source: E.coli. Expression Region: 44-69aa. Protein Length: Full Length of Mature Protein. Tag Info: Tag-Free. Target Protein Sequence: GIGAVLKVLT TGLPALISWI KRKRQQ. Purity: Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Endotoxin: Not test. Biological Activity: n/a. Form: Liquid or Lyophilized powder. Buffer: If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0. Reconstitution: We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20 °C/-80 °C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference. Storage: The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20 °C/-80 °C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20 °C/-80 °C. Notes: Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4 °C for up to one week. Relevance: Melittin: Main toxin of bee venom with strong hemolytic activity and antimicrobial activity . It has enhancing effects on bee venom phospholipase A2 activity . This amphipathic toxin binds to negatively charged membrane surface and forms pore by inserting into lipid bilayers inducing the leakage of ions and molecules and the enhancement of permeability that ultimately leads to cell lysis . It acts as a voltage-gated pore with higher selectivity for anions over cations . The ion conductance has been shown to be voltage-dependent . Self-association of melittin in membranes is promoted by high ionic strength, but not by the presence of negatively charged lipids . In vivo, intradermal injection into healthy human volunteers produce sharp pain sensation and an inflammatory response . It produces pain by activating primary nociceptor cells directly and indirectly due to its ability to activate plasma membrane phospholipase A2 and its pore-forming activity . Reference: "Identification of a novel melittin isoform from Africanized Apis mellifera venom." Sciani J.M., Marques-Porto R., Lourenco A. Jr., Orsi R.D., Junior R.S., Barraviera B., Pimenta D.C. Peptides 31:1473-1479(2010). Function: nan