Retinoic acid (all-trans-Retinoic acid, ATRA, Tretinoin, Vitamin A acid, 15-Apo-beta-caroten-15-oic

Physiological metabolite of vitamin A. Effects gene expression via nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR), mediates cellular growth and differentiation. Retinoic acid (ATRA) is a ligand for both the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and the retinoid X receptor (RXR). The bound RAR and RXR act as transcription factors that regulate the growth and differentiation of both normal and malignant cells. Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) catalyze the 4-hydroxylation of ATRA. Retinoic acid primes embryonic stem cells to become neurons. Synonyms: (all-E)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenoic acid, Tretinoin, all-trans-Retinoic acid, ATRA, Vitamin A acid, 15-Apo-beta-caroten-15-oic acid, Aberel, Avita, Retin-A, Retinova, Isotretinoin EP Impurity A, CAS No: 302-79-4, Molecular Formula: C??H??O?, Molecular Weight: 300.44, Appearance: Yellow to light orange lyophilized powder. Purity: 98-102% (HPLC), Solubility: Chloroform, DMSO, Methanol (Sparingly), Loss on Drying: <0.5%, Melting Point: 168-170?C, Sulfated Ash: <0.1%, Heavy Metals: <0.002%, Limit of Isotretinoin: <5%, Storage and Stability: Powder may be stored at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial prior to removing the cap. Light and temperature sensitive. Keep under inert atmosphere