Methylene Blue (hydrate)

Methylene blue is a cationic thiazine dye that has diverse biological activities. It inhibits the catalytic function of inducible and constitutive nitric oxide synthases via oxidation of enzyme-bound ferrous iron. Methylene blue also inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO) and increases the activity of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase (complex IV). In vivo, methylene blue stabilizes systemic circulation without increasing peripheral resistance, decreases lipid peroxidation, and reduces anoxic tissue injury in brain and heart in a porcine model of global ischemia and reperfusion injury. It inhibits MAO activity in brain and reduces the age-related decline in grip strength and spatial memory in old mice when administered in drinking water at a concentration of 250 µM. Methylene blue (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg) also reduces immobility time in the forced swim test in mice, indicating antidepressant-like activity. Methylene blue is commonly used to stain cells and tissues in research.Formal Name: 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)-phenothiazin-5-ium, monochloride, hydrate. CAS Number: 122965-43-9. Synonyms: NSC 617593, Tetramethylthionine. Molecular Formula: C16H18N3S . Cl [XH2O]. Formula Weight: 319.9. Purity: >95%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 2 mg/ml, DMSO: 2 mg/ml, Ethanol: 3.3 mg/ml, PBS (pH 7.2): 0.14 mg/ml. SMILES: CN(C)C1=CC2=[S+]C3=C(C=CC(N(C)C)=C3)N=C2C=C1.[Cl-].O. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C16H18N3S.ClH.H2O/c1-18(2)11-5-7-13-15(9-11)20-16-10-12(19(3)4)6-8-14(16)17-13,,/h5-10H,1-4H3,1H,1H2/q+1,,/p-1. InChi Key: WQVSELLRAGBDLX-UHFFFAOYSA-M.