Metformin (hydrochloride)

Metformin is a biguanide with diverse biological activities. Metformin (250 mg/kg, i.p.) increases hepatic AMPK activity and reduces blood glucose by more than 50% in a liver kinase B1-dependent manner in mice fed normal and high-fat diets, respectively, and reduces blood glucose by 40% in ob/ob mice. It reduces weight gain, hepatic lipid droplet content, and total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in the plasma of diet-induced obese mice when administered at doses of 10 or 50 mg/kg per day. It also reverses increased hepatic triglyceride and apolipoprotein A5 levels, as well as hepatic steatosis, in a dose-dependent manner in an ob/ob mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Metformin (250 mg/kg) reduces tumor growth in an HCT116 p53-\- human colon cancer mouse xenograft model, but has no effect on HCT116 p53-\- tumors overexpressing recombinant S. cerevisiae Ndi1 NADH dehydrogenase, a single-subunit ortholog of the multi-subunit mammalian mitochondrial complex I. Formulations containing metformin have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.Formal Name: N,N-dimethyl-imidodicarbonimidic diamide, monohydrochloride. CAS Number: 1115-70-4. Synonyms: 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride. Molecular Formula: C4H11N5 . HCl. Formula Weight: 165.6. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml. lambdamax: 237 nm. SMILES: CN(C)C(NC(N)=N)=N.Cl. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C4H11N5.ClH/c1-9(2)4(7)8-3(5)6,/h1-2H3,(H5,5,6,7,8),1H. InChi Key: OETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N.