Icariin

Icariin is a prenylated flavonoid that has been found in E. pubescens and has diverse biological activities. It induces the differentiation of ES-D3 embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes when used at concentrations of 10 and 100 µM. Icariin (10 µM) increases the mRNA expression of RUNX family transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (Bgp), and bone sialoprotein (Bsp), gene markers of osteogenesis, in MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells. It reduces IL-6 and TNF-alpha protein levels induced by LPS in HeLa and RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 30 µM. Icariin (0.1 µM) prevents decreases in the levels of the neural integrity markers neurofilament heavy polypeptide (NF-H) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2) induced by amyloid-beta (1-42) (Abeta42) in primary E18 rat cortical neurons, and it improves spatial memory impairments in the Morris water maze in a 5XFAD transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease when administered at a dose of 34 mg/kg for eight days.Formal Name: 3-[(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-7-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one. CAS Number: 489-32-7. Synonyms: Ieariline. Molecular Formula: C33H40O15. Formula Weight: 676.6. Purity: >97%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 20 mg/ml, DMSO: 20 mg/ml, DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:10): 0.1 mg/ml. lambdamax: 271 nm. SMILES: COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(O2)=C(O[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O3)C(C4=C2C(C/C=C(C)/C)=C(O[C@H]5[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O5)C=C4O)=O. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C33H40O15/c1-13(2)5-10-17-19(45-33-28(42)26(40)23(37)20(12-34)46-33)11-18(35)21-24(38)31(48-32-27(41)25(39)22(36)14(3)44-32)29(47-30(17)21)15-6-8-16(43-4)9-7-15/h5-9,11,14,20,22-23,25-28,32-37,39-42H,10,12H2,1-4H3/t14-,20+,22-,23+,25+,26-,27. InChi Key: TZJALUIVHRYQQB-XLRXWWTNSA-N. Origin: Plant/Epimedium brevicornum Maxim.