Dihydrokainic Acid

Dihydrokainic acid (DHK) is an inhibitor of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2, Ki = 23 µM for glutamate uptake by COS cells expressing EAAT2). It is selective for EAAT2 over EAAT1 and EAAT3 (Ki = >3 mM for both). DHK microinfusion (5 nmol) into the rat infralimbic cortex reduces the time spent immobile in the forced swim test, indicating antidepressant-like behavior, an effect that is blocked by the AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX (Cay-14914) and the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100635 (Cay-14599). It also increases glutamate and serotonin levels and the expression of c-Fos in the dorsal raphe nucleus. In contrast, DHK microinjection (6.25 nmol) into the rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) increases the latency to drink sucrose in a sucrose intake test, indicating anhedonia-like behavior. It also impairs memory acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval in mice in the novel object recognition test.Formal Name: (2S,3S,4R)-2-carboxy-4-(1-methylethyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. CAS Number: 52497-36-6. Synonyms: DHK. Molecular Formula: C10H17NO4. Formula Weight: 215.2. Purity: >95%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A solid. Solubility: Water: soluble. SMILES: OC([C@@H]1[C@@H](CC(O)=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)CN1)=O. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C10H17NO4/c1-5(2)7-4-11-9(10(14)15)6(7)3-8(12)13/h5-7,9,11H,3-4H2,1-2H3,(H,12,13)(H,14,15)/t6-,7+,9-/m0/s1. InChi Key: JQPDCKOQOOQUSC-OOZYFLPDSA-N.