Clonidine (hydrochloride)

Clonidine is an agonist of alpha2-adrenergic receptors (alpha2-ARs, Kis = 61.66, 69.18, and 134.9 nM for alpha2A-, alpha2B-, and alpha2C-ARs, respectively). It stimulates [35S]GTPgammaS binding to HEK293 cell membranes expressing the human receptors with EC50 values of 26.92, 56.23, and 912.01 nM for alpha2A-, alpha2B-, and alpha2C-ARs, respectively. Clonidine also binds to I1-imidazoline sites in a variety of cell and tissue types (Kds = 4-15 nM). It induces relaxation of isolated mesenteric artery rings precontracted with norepinephrine (Cay-16673) when used at a concentration of 10 µM. Clonidine (10 µM) also induces membrane hyperpolarization and reduces norepinephrine-induced depolarization in isolated mesenteric artery rings. Clonidine (0.1 and 1 µg/kg) reduces mean blood pressure and heart rate when administered via microinjection to the nucleus reticularis lateralis (NRL) of anesthetized normotensive cats. Formulations containing clonidine have been used in the treatment of hypertension.Formal Name: N-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine, monohydrochloride. CAS Number: 4205-91-8. Synonyms: ST 155. Molecular Formula: C9H9Cl2N3 . HCl. Formula Weight: 266.6. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 0.3 mg/ml, DMSO: 3 mg/ml, Ethanol: 2 mg/ml, PBS (pH 7.2): 5 mg/ml. SMILES: ClC1=C(NC2=NCCN2)C(Cl)=CC=C1.Cl. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C9H9Cl2N3.ClH/c10-6-2-1-3-7(11)8(6)14-9-12-4-5-13-9,/h1-3H,4-5H2,(H2,12,13,14),1H. InChi Key: ZNIFSRGNXRYGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N.