3-Hydroxyisobutyrate (sodium salt)

3-Hydroxyisobutyrate (3-HIB) is an intermediate in the metabolism of the branched-chain amino acid valine that is secreted by skeletal muscle. It dose-dependently increases fatty acid uptake by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) when used at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100 mM. 3-HIB also increases fatty acid uptake and lipid accumulation in mouse skeletal muscle when administered in drinking water. The levels of 3-HIB in muscle are increased in db/db diabetic mice and in humans with diabetes. Human plasma levels are increased in obesity and correlate with a future risk of type 2 diabetes. In addition, human serum levels of 3-HIB decrease by 2.5-fold immediately following an exercise regimen of 2.5 hours of running for three days.Formal Name: 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanoic acid, monosodium salt. CAS Number: 1219589-99-7. Synonyms: 3-HIB. Molecular Formula: C4H7O3 . Na. Formula Weight: 126.1. Purity: >95%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: Ethanol: 5 mg/ml, PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml. SMILES: OCC(C)C([O-])=O.[Na+]. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C4H8O3.Na/c1-3(2-5)4(6)7,/h3,5H,2H2,1H3,(H,6,7),/q,+1/p-1. InChi Key: RBJZIQZDAZLXEK-UHFFFAOYSA-M.