Tunicamycin Mixture

Tunicamycin mixture is a mixture of tunicamycins with variable trans-2,3-unsaturated branched chain fatty acid (BFCA) chain lengths. Tunicamycins are anti-microbial agents that are active against Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and viruses. They inhibit the N-acetylhexosamine (HexNAc) phosphotransferase family of enzymes in bacteria and prevent peptidoglycan biosynthesis. In eukaryotes, they inhibit N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) phosphotransferase (GPT), preventing the first step in N-linked glycosylation and inducing the unfolded protein response and cell death. The cellular toxicity of tunicamycins is linked to the trans-2,3-unsaturated BCFA, and saturated BCFA-containing tunicamycin derivatives, such as TunR1 (Cay-31537) and TunR2 (Cay-31538), have reduced toxicity. Tunicamycins impair glycosylation of the receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR, HER2, HER3, and IGF-1R, which prevents their translocation out of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and reduces their protein levels and activity. Tunicamycin sensitizes EGFR inhibitor-resistant U251 glioma and Bx/PC-3 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells to irradiation.CAS Number: 11089-65-9. Molecular Formula: C39H64N4O16 (for Tunicamycin VII). Formula Weight: 845.0. Purity: >95% (mixture of congeners). Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 20 mg/ml, DMSO: 20 mg/ml, DMSO:PBS(pH 7.2) (1:3): 0.25 mg/ml. lambdamax: 208, 260 nm. SMILES: O=C1C=CN([C@@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)C[C@H]3O[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O4)[C@H](NC(/C=C/CCCCCCCCCCC(C)C)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)C(N1)=O. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C39H64N4O16/c1-20(2)14-12-10-8-6-4-5-7-9-11-13-15-25(47)41-28-32(52)29(49)23(56-38(28)59-37-27(40-21(3)45)31(51)30(50)24(19-44)57-37)18-22(46)35-33(53)34(54)36(58-35)43-17-16-26(48)42-39(43)55/h13,15-17,20,22-24,27-38,44,46,49-54H,4-12,14,18-19H2,1-3H3,(H,40,45)(H,41,47)(H,42,48,55)/b15-13+/t22-,23-,24-,27-,28-,29+,30-,31-,32-,33+,34-,35-,36-,37-,38+/m1/s1. InChi Key: ZOCXUHJGZXXIGQ-NPXWYGMKSA-N.