Anti-VDAC1

0.5mg/ml if reconstituted with 0.2ml sterile DI water. The voltage-dependent anion channel of the outer mitochondrial membrane is a small, abundant outer membrane pore-forming protein found in the outer membranes of all eukaryotic mitochondria. The protein is though to form the major pathway for movement of adenine nucleotides through the outer membrane and to be the mitochondrial binding site for hexokinase and glycerol kinase. At low transmembrane voltage, VDAC1 is open for anions such as phosphate, chloride, and adenine nucleotides. At higher transmembrane voltage, VDAC1 functions as a selective channel for cations and uncharged molecules. These features make it likely the protein plays a role in mitochondrial energy metabolism. Huizing et al. studied by Northern and Western blot analyses the human tissue distribution of mitochondrial transmembrane metabolite carriers. VDAC1 mRNA has a ubiquitous distribution, with most pronounced expression in heart, liver, and skeletal muscle, whereas the VDAC2 isoform appears to be expressed only in the heart. Protein function: Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane and also the plasma membrane. The channel at the outer mitochondrial membrane allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules, in the plasma membrane it is involved in cell volume regulation and apoptosis. It adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30-40 mV. The open state has a weak anion selectivity whereas the closed state is cation-selective (PubMed:11845315, PubMed:18755977, PubMed:20230784, PubMed:8420959). Binds various signaling molecules, including the sphingolipid ceramide, the phospholipid phosphatidylcholine, and the sterol cholesterol (PubMed:31015432). In depolarized mitochondria, acts downstream of PRKN and PINK1 to promote mitophagy or prevent apoptosis, polyubiquitination by PRKN promotes mitophagy, while monoubiquitination by PRKN decreases mitochondrial calcium influx which ultimately inhibits apoptosis (PubMed:32047033). May participate in the formation of the permeability transition pore complex (PTPC) responsible for the release of mitochondrial products that triggers apoptosis (PubMed:15033708, PubMed:25296756). May mediate ATP export from cells (PubMed:30061676). [The UniProt Consortium]