Anti-TLR9, clone TR9541

0.5 mg/ml in 1X PBS with 0.1 mg/ml BSA (US source) and 0.05% sodium azide. The mammalian immune system is composed of two components: innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an essential part of the innate immune system. Through recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), TLRs mount an immune defense against pathogens. There are 10 mammalian TLRs (TLR1-10). Unmethylated CpG sequences in bacterial genomes and viral DNA molecules activates TLR9, leading to the inflammatory response. Protein function: Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR9 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (PubMed:11564765, PubMed:17932028). Controls lymphocyte response to Helicobacter infection. Upon CpG stimulation, induces B-cell proliferation, activation, survival and antibody production (PubMed:23857366). [The UniProt Consortium]