Anti-PCNA (Clone: PC 10)

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) was originally identified by immunofluorescence as a nuclear protein whose appearance correlated with the proliferative state of the cell. PCNA/cyclin has been localized by in situ hybridization to the short arm of human chromosome 20 with a peak of grains over band 20p13. PCNA gene is present in single copy and has 6 exons. It spans 4,961 bp. Synthesis of the nuclear protein cyclin and DNA in quiescent mouse fibroblasts is coordinately induced by serum and purified growth factors. PCNA controls establishment of sister chromatid cohesion during S phase. Protein function: Auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand. Induces a robust stimulatory effect on the 3'- 5' exonuclease and 3'-phosphodiesterase, but not apurinic- apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease, APEX2 activities. Has to be loaded onto DNA in order to be able to stimulate APEX2. Plays a key role in DNA damage response (DDR) by being conveniently positioned at the replication fork to coordinate DNA replication with DNA repair and DNA damage tolerance pathways. Acts as a loading platform to recruit DDR proteins that allow completion of DNA replication after DNA damage and promote postreplication repair: Monoubiquitinated PCNA leads to recruitment of translesion (TLS) polymerases, while 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of PCNA is involved in error-free pathway and employs recombination mechanisms to synthesize across the lesion. [The UniProt Consortium]