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PLU-1 is a large (1,544 amino acid) nuclear protein that interacts with brain factor-1 (BF-1) and paired box 9 (PAX9), both of which are developmental transcription factors. PLU-1 belongs to the testis-cancer antigen group of proteins and is a member of the ARID family of DNA binding proteins. It is a multi-domain protein with strong transcriptional repression properties. PLU-1 shows restricted expression in adult tissues, with high expression in testis and transient expression in the pregnant mammary gland. Both the PLU-1 gene and the PLU-1 protein product are specifically upregulated in breast cancer. PLU-1 may be important in meiotic transcription because of its apparent association with chromatin. Protein function: Histone demethylase that demethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code (PubMed:24952722, PubMed:27214403, PubMed:28262558). Does not demethylate histone H3 'Lys-9' or H3 'Lys-27'. Demethylates trimethylated, dimethylated and monomethylated H3 'Lys-4'. Acts as a transcriptional corepressor for FOXG1B and PAX9. Favors the proliferation of breast cancer cells by repressing tumor suppressor genes such as BRCA1 and HOXA5 (PubMed:24952722). In contrast, may act as a tumor suppressor for melanoma. Represses the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer-mediated transcriptional activation of the core clock component PER2. [The UniProt Consortium]
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