Anti-CD274 (CD274 Molecule, B7 Homolog 1, B7H1, B7-H1, B7-H, Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 1, PDCD1

Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) is a type I transmembrane protein belonging to the CD28/CTLA-4 family of immunoreceptors that mediate signals for regulating immune responses (1). Other members of this family include CD28, CTLA-4, and ICOS (2-4). PD-1 is most closely related to CTLA-4 and shares ~24% amino acid (aa) sequence identity. The mouse PD­1 gene encodes a 288aa protein with a putative 20aa signal peptide, a 149aa extracellular region with one immunoglobulin-like V-type domain, a 21aa transmembrane domain, and a 98aa cytoplasmic region. The cytoplasmic tail contains two tyrosine residues that form the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) that are important in mediating PD-1 signaling. Mouse and human PD-1 share ~69% aa sequence identity. Two B7 family proteins, PD-L1 (also called B7-H1) and PD-L2, have been identified as PD-1 ligands (5, 6). PD-1 is expressed on activated T cells, B cells, myeloid cells, and on a subset of thymocytes. PD-1 deficient mice have a defect in peripheral tolerance and spontaneously develop autoimmune diseases. Binding of PD-1 to PD-L1 or PD-L2 results in the inhibition of TCR-mediated proliferation and cytokine production as well as BCR­mediated signaling. PD-1 likely has an inhibitory role in regulating immune responses (1-4). Applications: Suitable for use in Flow Cytometry and ELISA. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Flow Cytometry: 2.5ug/10e6 cells, Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile PBS. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.