Phospho-Smad1 for Activation/Inhibition site Antibody Panel

Smad transcription factors convey downstream messages from the most versatile cytokine signaling pathways in the multicellular life forms, the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) pathway. Recent works has shed light into the processes and functions of SMAD activation and deactivation, nucleocytoplasmic dynamics, and assembly of transcriptional complexes. Smad proteins consist of two globular domains coupled by a linker region. Smad1 can be phosphorylated at the linker region (pSer206) where recruitment of Smurf takes place and results in the degradation of Smad1. On the other hands, phosphorylation of Smad1 at pSer465 translocate Smad1/Smad4 complex to nucleus and transcriptionally activate target genes.