Epirubicin is a stereoisomer of the antitumor anthracycline doxorubicin (Cay-15007) that undergoes beta-glucuronidation, which partially detoxifies the dose-limiting side effects that are present with doxorubicin. Compared to doxorubicin, epirubicin is equally cytotoxic to HeLa cells (ID50s = 9 µM). When used either...

Idarubicin is a 4-demethoxy analog of the leukemia therapeutic daunorubicin (Cay-14159). Both are anthracycline antibiotics which intercalate in DNA and inhibit topoisomerase II, resulting in cancer cell cytotoxicity at low concentrations (IC50 = 20-120 nM for idarubicin). Idarubicin is effective in combination...

Daunorubicin is an antitumor antibiotic. At 0.2-1µM, daunorubicin induces apoptosis in mature monocytic U937 and myelocytic HL-60 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. However, immature AML cells (CD 34+-KG1a, -KG1, or -HEL cells) appear resistant to apoptosis at similar concentrations. In mature AML cells,...

Doxorubicin is an anthracycline antitumor antibiotic that inhibits DNA topoisomerase II by inducing double-stranded DNA breaks. By intercalating within DNA, doxorubicin inhibits nucleic acid synthesis and induces apoptosis by inducing the accumulation of the p53 tumor suppressor protein.Formal Name:...

Valrubicin is a semisynthetic anthracycline antitumor antibiotic and derivative of doxorubicin (Cay-15007). It inhibits the growth of human bladder tumor cell lines with LD50 values ranging from 0.05 to 11.2 µM. Valrubicin is more active against cells in the plateau growth phase than in the log growth phase (LD70s =...

Pirarubicin is an anthracycline that has anticancer activity. It interacts with topoisomerase II to inhibit DNA replication. Pirarubicin inhibits the growth of human HeLa and C33A cervical, as well as T-24 bladder cancer cells (IC50s = 29, 52, and 36 ng/ml, respectively). It inhibits the growth of human Huh7 and...

Daunorubicin-13C-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of daunorubicin (Cay-14159) by GC- or LC-MS. Daunorubicin is an antitumor antibiotic. At 0.2-1 µM, daunorubicin induces apoptosis in mature monocytic U937 and myelocytic HL-60 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. However, immature...

Aranciamycin A is an anthracyclic antibiotic that has been found in Streptomyces. It is active against M. bovis and B. subtilis (MICs = 30 and 7.5 µM, respectively) but not S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, or C. albicans (MICs = >30 µM for all).Formal Name:...