Deltamethrin

Deltamethrin belongs to the class of synthetic pyrethroids, which are being widely used as insecticides. Deltamethrin acts on voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) that are the primary targets of these chemicals for toxicity to insects. Deltamethrin can increase neurotransmitter release which is associated with elevated levels of intrasynaptosomal free Ca2+ and protein phosphorylation activities. It acts as a potent inhibitor of calcineurin (protein phosphatase 2B), which results in cellular hyperexcitability by causing non-mutated calcium channels to remain open for an extended period of time allowing an abundance of Ca2+ to enter the cell. It also modulates sodium channels in the nerve cell membrane. It keeps the Na+ channels in an open state for a long time resulting to hyperactivity of the nervous system in mammals and insects. This compound can be used as a reference compound for analytical studies.